Before you start a topic in Journals....

[Altostrata]

This forum is a resource center for primary research about withdrawal, withdrawal syndrome, adverse effects, epidemiology, etc. regarding psychiatric drugs.

Primary research means the studies themselves, usually published in journal articles containing study design, data gathered, and conclusions, and usually an abstract.

Articles about a study that might appear in media such as news networks, magazines, blogs, and other forums are usually secondary sources and should be posted in the Media forum.

Topics in the Journals forum follow a fairly strict format so researchers will be able to retrieve the information stored here.

TIP: Post an article in the requested format (described below) by copying the ENTIRE abstract from PubMed. You can copy the topic title, citation source, title of paper, authors, and abstract and post in one copy-and-paste swoop.
(Abstracts are in the public domain and may be quoted in their entirety.)

Please follow this format in starting a new topic:

 

Topic title

First author, year, and topic title: Year of publication, name of first author, title of study Example: Morescu, 2012 Brain scans from mouse studies in depression.

 

In the post window

• Comments: If you wish, introduce the study with your own comments or interpretation of the study.
  Example: This depression study on mice is another example of how useless this kind of research is. Who can tell what emotion the mice are feeling?
• Source: Name of journal, date of publication, pages of journal, etc. (usually in abbreviated form from the abstract -- you can copy and paste the abstract from Pubmed).
  Example: Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2012;14(1). pii: PCC.11br01218. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
• Title of paper: Full title of the paper, in bold.
  Example: What is the difference between dependence and withdrawal reactions? A comparison of benzodiazepines and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• Authors: All authors of the paper.
  Example: Renoir T, Pang TY, Lanfumey L.
• Links: Include the full URL to the abstract and a link to full text, if freely available
• Abstract: Include the ENTIRE abstract, preferably from PubMed. (Abstracts are in the public domain and may be quoted in their entirety.)
• Selections from the paper: If you wish, post selections (not the entire paper) to conform to fair use and respect copyright. Use ellipses (....) to indicate where you left out material.

 

Here is an example:

 

Brain Commun; 1. Epub ahead of print 1 January 2019. DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcz025.

Dependence, withdrawal and rebound of CNS drugs: an update and regulatory considerations for new drugs development.

Lerner A, Klein M.

 

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to describe dependence and withdrawal phenomena related to CNS drugs discontinuation and to clarify issues related to the evaluation of clinical drug withdrawal and rebound as they relate to safety in new drug development. The article presents current understanding and definitions of drug dependence and withdrawal which are also relevant and important features of addiction, though not the same. Addiction, called substance use disorder in DSM-5, affects an individual’s brain and behaviour, represents uncontrollable drug abuse and inability to stop taking a drug regardless of the harm it causes. Characteristic withdrawal syndromes following abrupt discontinuation of CNS-active drugs from numerous drug classes are described. These include drugs both scheduled and non-scheduled in the Controlled Substances Act, which categorizes drugs in five schedules based on their relative abuse potentials and dependence liabilities and for regulatory purposes. Schedules 1 and 2 contain drugs identified as those with the highest abuse potential and strictest regulations. Less recognized aspects of drug withdrawal, such as rebound and protracted withdrawal syndromes for several drug classes are also addressed. Part I presents relevant definitions and describes clinical withdrawal and dependence phenomena. Part II reviews known withdrawal syndromes for the different drug classes, Part III describes rebound and Part IV describes protracted withdrawal syndromes. To our knowledge, this is the first compilation of withdrawal syndromes for CNS drugs. Part V provides details of evaluation of dependence and withdrawal in the clinical trials for CNS drugs, which includes general design recommendations, and several tools, such as withdrawal questionnaires and multiple scales that are helpful in the systematic evaluation of withdrawal. The limitations of different aspects of this method of dependence and withdrawal evaluation are also discussed.

 

 

Free full text https://academic.oup.com/braincomms/article/1/1/fcz025/5588408

 

Thank you.

Edited November 1 by Altostrata
updated